Composite roofing.



H. GILLETT.

COMPOSITE ROOFING.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 1, 1910.

1,044,773,, Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

1 I v #525 57- Jizzrenzar snares rnrnnr onrron.

HARRY GILLETTE, 01* CLEVELAND, O HIO.

COMPOSITE noorrne.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. is, rare.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY GILLETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Composite Roofing, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to composite roofings; that is to say, to roofings which are built up into a continuous structure as they are laid, as distinguished from roofings which are made up in advance and are afterward laid and which, when so laid, present distinct joints between the adjacent sections.

The purpose of this invention is to provide, IILCOIIlblIltLtlOD. wlth a masonry foundation, (such as concrete, tile, etc.) a light,

strong, water-proof, fire-proof and durable composite roofing which 1s..adaptable to the varying conditions and incidents of use, which shallbe extremely convenient of application, and which will dispense with the use of a slag or gravel coating.

A further object of the invention is to provide a practical composite roofing for masonry foundations, which roofing consists largely of inorganic, solid-fibered material which, while being substantially fire-proof as well as non-heat-conductive, will efiectually retain, with a'minimum of evaporation, the water-proofing material applied thereto. I

With the foregoing objects in view, the invention may be defined as consisting further of the novel features of construction andthe combinations of parts and elements to be hereinafter particularly described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawin s, Figure 1 is a fragmentary plan viewfo a piece of roofing constructed in accordance with my inventlon, the roofing being designed with special reference to a roof structure; having a masonry surfaee'or roofing foundation, parts of the overlying layers being turned backto.

disclose the underlying layers and to illustrate the manner of building up the roofing. Fig. 2 represents a perspective View of a portion of a roof, illustrating the manner in which the gutter or waterway is reinforced; Fig. 3 represents enlarged sectional detail corresponding tothe :line 33. of Fig.1; Fig. i represents asimilarview taken a o the gutter or waterway shown in Fig. 2, an

Fig. 5 a greatly enlarged sectional detail of the roofing shown in Fig. l.

Describing the parts by reference characters, 1 denotes the masonry foundation to which the roofing is applied. This foundation is prepared for the reception of the com osite roofing by first applying to its sur ace a coating 2 of suitable liquid filler, such as asphaltum. After drying or solidifying sufficiently, a coating 3 of adhesive material, preferably asphalt, is applied to the surface in courses. The preliminary treatment of the foundation in the manner described insures efficient adhesion between the coating 3 and the foundation.

In the case of a roof of ordinary pitch or slope, the first coat will be applied to the lower ond of the foundation and a sheet or course 4 of water-proofed fibrous inorganic material, preferably asbestos felt which has been saturated with asphalt, will be rolled down into adhesive engagement with the or course 4 and to a course of the coated foundation thereabove, as indicated at 3*. Acourse or strip 4; of the same kind of material as the strip at will then be rolled down into adhesive engagement with the strip 4: and with the portion of the roof thereabove to which the adhesive coating 3 has been applied. A coatin 3 of ad hesive material of the same c aracter as the coatings the 3 and 3 is then applied to the upper surface of the strip 4* and to a strip or course of the preliminary coated foundation thereabove. A strip or course i of the same kind of material as the strips 4 and at is then rolled down into adhesive engagement with the strip-4: and the portion of the roof to which the coating 3 has been applied. A coating 3- similar to the coatings 3, 3* and 3 is then applied to the upper portion ofthe surface of the strip 4;? and to a portion of the roof thereabove of substantially the same width as the portions or courses to which the coatings 3 and 3 have been applied, and a full width strip 4 of the same kind of material as the preceding strips is rolled down into adhesive engagement with the strip {L and the portion of the roof foundation thereabove to which the coating 3 has been. applied.

The strips 4 and 1 are of the full or maximum width which will be employed and the lower portion of the coating 3 and the lower edge of the strip 4 will overlap the upper edge of the strip 4. In similar manner, additional strips 4, etc., will be applied to each subsequent strip or layer and to a portion of the roof foundation thereabove, in each case overlapping the lower end of each course with the upper end of thethird course therebeneath. When the roof has been laid in this manner, the

so 9 willbe rolled into adhesive engagement foundation will be covered by three plies or thickness of water-proofed, inorganic, solid-fibered material, the lower edge of each outer course or strip overlapping the upper edge of each third or bottom strip beneath, as clearly indicated in Fig. 3. A final coating 5 of asphaltum or paint will be applied to the outermost plies or strips 4*, P, etc., to give a finished appearance to the roof. On steep surfaces, the manner of applying the roofing courses will be the same as described except'that such courses will be laid up and down the roof instead of across.

In Figs. 2 and 4 there is illustrated the manner in which the composite roofing is applied to the gutter. or waterway at the lower end of a roof. The masonry foundation. 1 is deflected laterally at its lower end, as shown at 6, and such laterally deflected end abuts against the Vertical wall 7, which is preferably of masonry and which is shown as provided below the top and in its inner face with a nailing strip 8, preferably of wood; or any other securing means may be applied to said wall.

The preliminary coating 2 will be applied to the gutter 6 as. well as to the inner face of the wall 7. One or more plies of waterproofed fibrous material, similar in character to the plies 4, 4", etc., will be laid longitudinally of the gutter. The lowermost ply with the gutter, with the wall 7, and the foundation 1, by means of the coating 4 of adhesive material (preferably asphalt).

c along the roof oundation 1 a considerable One side of the ly 9 will project upwardly distancea foot or more-and the other side a will project upwardly alon the inner face oi the wall 7 a material distance. One or more additional plies 10 may be used, similar in construction and arrangement to the pIy; 9' and rolled into engagement therewith an intervenin coating 11 of asphalt io'r'jsnnilar adhesive.

he up ermost p y 10 will be' coated with asphalt or similar adair-drying fillin hesive) along with the various strips or courses of the roof foundation, and the strips or plies 4, 4 41 4, etc., will be secured to the foundation 1, to each other, and to the uppermost gutter reinforcing ply by means of suitable courses of asphalt or similar adhesive. It will be observed that owing to the steepness of the roof, the various plies or strips l, 1*, 4 4:, etc., are laid up and down the roof instead of transversely, and that their upturned overlapping ends may be secured to the wall 7 in any convenient manner, as by nailing to the strip 8, as indicated at 12. As in the case of the roofing shown in Figs. 1 and 3, a final coating 5 of asphaltum or paint will be applied to the outermost plies or strips to give a finished apearance to the roof.

By the construction herein described, I am enabled to provide a composite roofing having a masonry foundation which roofing is light, durable, water-proof, and which on account of its lightness, will not require frequent fastening to prevent slipping or sagging, as is necessary with roofing of heavier material. The roofing consists mainly of .water-proofed, inorganic, solid-fibered, material in which the capillarity is reduced to a minimum (thus minimizing evaporation) and which material, and the roofing formed therefrom, is fire-proof,leak-proof and practically non-heat-conductive, while the roof is light in weight but capable of withstanding all ordinary incidents of use.

Because of the coeflicient of expansion of the fibrous inorganic material being substantially the same as that of the masonry foundation, the expansion and contraction of the latter does not loosen the roofing from the foundation, as is apt to be the case with organic fibrous material.

Having thus descnbed my invention, what I claim is:

1. A composite roof comprising a masonry foundation having applied thereto the following coatings: first, a' coating of liquid air-drying filling material; second, a coating of molten adhesive material; third, a coating of overlapping strips or plies of waterproofed fibrous inorgamc material, having approximately the same coefficient of expansion as the foundation, said plies or strips being rolled into adhesive engagement with the oundation through the second coatin and into adhesive engagement with eac other through a similar coating interposed between the overlapping portions of the plies or strips.

2. In a roof, the combination of a masonry foundation having a gutter, said foundation and gutter having a coating of liquid,

and a coating o molten adhesive material applied thereto over the preliminary coating, one or more plies of jfibrous inorganic material applied thereto I water-proofed material applied to the gutter, each ply having an edge extending along the foundation above said gutter, said ply or plies being secured in place by the coating of adhesive material, a covering for the foundation and gutter reinforcing ply or plies consisting of a series of overlapping strips or plies of water-proofed fibrous inorganic material rolled down into engagement with each other and with the foundation and with the upper surface of the gutter reinforcement by means of an adhesive coating, and a final liquid coating applied to the last covering.

3. In a roof, the combination of a concrete foundation having a gutter, with an upwardly projecting wall beyond the outer edge of said gutter, said foundation, gutter and wall having applied thereto a coating of filling material, one or more strips of waterproofed fibrous inorganic material applied to the gutter and extending longitudinally thereof, the lowermost strip being secured to the gutter, to the lower portion of the wall and the lower portion of the foundation by means of adhesive material applied in a fluid condition, and a covering consisting of a series of overlapping strips or plies of inorganic fibrous material having water proofing applied thereto and rolled into adhesive engagement with each other, with the foundation, the upper gutter-reinforcing strip and the wall by means of a similar adhesive and secured at their upper edges to said wall.

4. In a construction of the character set forth, the combination of a masonry foundation having a gutter and an upwardly projecting masonry wall beyond the outer edge of the gutter, said wall having on its inner face a nailing strip, said foundation, gutter and wall having applied thereto a coating of liquid, air-drying filling material, one or more strips of water-proofed fibrous inorganio material applied to the gutter and extending longitudinally thereof, the lowermost strip being secured to the gutter, to the lower portion of the wall and to the lower portion of the foundation by means of molten adhesive material, a covering consisting of a series of overlapping strips or plies of inorganic fibrous material having water-proofing material applied thereto and rolled into adhesive engagement with each other, with the foundation, the upper gutterreinforcing strip and the wall by means of a similar adhesive and extending as high as the nailing strip, a strip covering the upwardly projecting ends of the overlapping strips, and nails securing the last mentioned strips to the nailing strip.

5. A composite roof comprising a masonry foundation having applied thereto the following coatings: first, a coating of filling material; second, a coating of molten adhesive material; third, a coating of overlapping strips or plies of water-proof asbestos felt, said plies or strips being rolled into adhesive engagement with the foundation through the second coating and into adhesive engagement with each other through a similar coating interposed between the overlapping portions of the plies or strips.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HARRY GILLETT.

Witnesses:

El B. HULL, BRENNAN B. Wes s. 

